Cultivar Name: MADSEN
Other ID Numbers: WA7163
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Soft White Wheat
True Growth Habit: Winter
USDA Acc. Number: PI511673
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-746
Year of Release: 1987
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Washington
Originator(s): Washington AES; Idaho AES; Oregon AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: VPM / Moisson 951 /2/ 2*Hill 81
Reference(s): 8, 358, 359, 371
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Registration of Madsen Wheat (Reg. No. 746).
R. E. Allan, C. J. Peterson, Jr., G. L. Rubenthaler, R. F. Line, and
D. E. Roberts
'MADSEN' (Reg. no. 746; PI 511673) is a common soft white winter
(SWW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar developed by the USDA-ARS
Wheat Genetics Quality, Physiology and Disease Research Unit at
Pullman, WA. It was jointly released by USDA-ARS and the agricultural
experiment stations of Washington, Idaho and Oregon in January 1988.
Madsen was elected in 1980 from an F2-derived F3 line from the
cross VPM1/'Moisson' 951/2/2*'Hill 81'. Madsen is a one-gene
semidwarf (Rht1), is medium early in heading date, and is similar to
'Nugaines'. Spikes are awned, oblong, middense, and inclined. Glumes
are glabrous, midlong, and midwide to narrow, shoulders are narrow and
wanting; beaks are narrow, acuminate, and 3 to 15 mm in length.
Madsen is heterogeneous for glume color with 33 and 67% of its plants
having white or buff colored glumes, respectively. Kernels of Madsen
are white, midlong, soft, and ovate; the germ is midsized; the crease
is midwide and middeep; the cheeks are rounded to angular; the brush
is midsized to midlong.
Madsen expresses moderately high resistance to strawbreaker foot
rot caused by Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron) Deighton.
Its resistance is presumably inherited from VPM1, which derives
resistance from T. ventricosum. A gene for strawbreaker resistance
was shown to be closely associated with the EP-V1 endopeptidase gene
on the long arm of chromosome 7D. Madsen is homogeneous for the EP-V1
allele (D.E. Roberts, 1988. personal communication).
In eight replicated trials of diseased (inoculated with P.
herpotrichoides) vs. control plots (sprayed with benomyl fungicide,
methyl 1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazolecarbamate) conducted during
1981 to 1988. Madsen, 'Stephens', 'Daws', and Nugaines have had mean
strawbreaker-inducted losses of 9, 24, 31 and 43%, respectively.
among the eight trials, significant (P < 0.05) yield reduction
occurred for Madsen in only two trials, while significant reductions
occurred for Stephens, Daws, and Nugaines in seven, seven, and eight
trials, respectively. The overall mean yield of Madsen in the
strawbreaker-inoculated trials was 7830 kg ha-1 compared to 4100,
5190, 5280 kg ha-1 for Nugaines, Daws, and Stephens, respectively.
During 1980 to 1987, Madsen has expressed field resistance to the
prevalent northwestern USA biotypes of stripe rust (caused by Puccinia
striiformis West.), leaf rust (caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex
Desm. f. sp. tritici), and stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis
Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn.). Madsen has moderate resistance
to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. tritici E.
Marchal). It is moderately susceptible to flag smut (caused by
Urocystis agropyri (Preuss) Schroet.) and Cephalosporium stripe
(caused by Cephalosporium gramineam Nis. & Ika.). Madsen resists some
races of Tilletia tritici (Bjerk. wint. & T. laevis Kuhn. It is
susceptible to the prevalent races of T. controversa Kuhn.
In the absence of strawbreaker foot rot, Madsen has generally
yielded equal to or higher than other Regional SWW cultivars. In 118
state of Washington trials conducted during 1983 to 1988, mean yields
of Madsen, Stephens, Nugaines, Daws, and 'Lewjain' were 5010, 4620,
4570, 4850, and 5070 kg ha-1, respectively. From 1984 to 1987 in
regional trials outside of Washington, the yield performance of Madsen
was variable. In 32 regional trials, Madsen, Nugaines, Stephens, and
'Dusty' averaged 5990, 5110, 5420, and 5990 kg ha-1, respectively.
The grain volume weight of Madsen averages about 19 kg m-3 less
than Nugaines and 13 kg m-3 more than Stephens. It has an average
plant height of 80 cm, which is similar to Stephens. Straw strength
of Madsen exceeds Lewjain and Dusty, but is less than Stephens.
Spikes of Madsen have a tendency to shatter. It has seedling-
emergence ability superior to Daws, but less than Stephens. Madsen
did not have appreciate winter injury during its testing period in
Washington State trials. A crown freeze test indicated Madsen was
similar to Stephens for coldhardiness. Occasionally, florets of
Madsen exhibit partial male sterility.
Tests by the USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory have rated
Madsen as satisfactory to very satisfactory for overall quality
traits. It was satisfactory in the Pacific Northwest Collaboratory
Tests. Madsen usually rated superior to Nugaines and Stephens for
cookie diameter, sponge cake score, and cake volume. It has equaled
and exceeded the noodle scores of Nugaines and Stephens, respectively.
Breeder and foundation seed of Madsen is maintained by the
Washington State Crop Improvement Association under supervision of the
Agronomy and Soils Department, Washington Agricultural Research
Center.
Published in Crop Sci. 29:1575.